Plants!!! Warm up

Outline the differences (5) between the monocots and dicots

Feature	Monocots	Dicots
Venation	Parallel venation	Net- like venation
Number of Cotyledons	Two	One
Floral Organs	Petals in multiples of three	Petals in multiple of 4 & 5
Roots	Fibrous adventitious	Tap root with branching laterals
Leaf Mesophyll	Spongy	Palisade and spongy
Vascular Bundle Arrangement	Arranged in rings. Divided into cortex and stele	Bundle, no particular order

Identify and describe modifications of roots, stems, and leaves of different plants. Give one example of each

Stem modification

Bulbs: Onions and lilies

·         Short vertical underground stems

·         Many fleshy highly modified leaves for the storage or nutrients

·       Can produce new plants by bulb division or development of one of the many auxiliary buds

Horizontal stems- runners

·         Spread out from the main body of the plant

·         At the point the stem touches the ground, a new root forms

·         Asexual reproduction, if a runner id broken it can establish its self as its own plant

·         Adaptation for finding water

Cacti

·         Leaves are reduced to spines to prevent water loss in transpiration

·         The stem is enlarges for storage of water

·         The stem carries out photosynthesis

Root tip modification

 Tuber/ Potato 

·         The potato is an underground modification of the root tip

·         The ‘eaten potato’ contains the carbohydrate and protein stores for the growth

·         Auxiliary buds

Tap Root modification

·         Function: Storage of water

·         Sandy soils