Warm Up, kidneys and immunization

1. A blod clot contains a network of protein. What is the protein?

Clotting Factors

2. Outline how the liquid that flows through the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is produced.

Unfiltered blood goes through the afferent arteriole into the glomerulus
This structure, the glomerulus, is held by the Bowan's Capsule.
 It goes from a high pressure to a low pressure gradient in the glomerulus. 
Ultrafiltration occurs here, and then filtered blood travels through the efferent arteriole to the PCT.

3. State the name of the substances reabsorbed by the PCT.

Water, all glucose, all amino acids and mineral ions

4. Discuss the benefits and dangers of immunization against bacterial and viral infections.

Benefits	Dangers
Complete extermination of disease forever Example: Smallpox is now unseen	Excessive vaccination may reduce the effectiveness of the immune system to respond to new infections.
Reduction in death rates from disease Example: Death from Measles is uncommon	Vaccine immunity is less effective than natural immunity Example: Measles
Reduced long term disabilities Examples: Polio paralyzed, blindness in rubella babies	Side effects Example: possible autism from MMR